29 November 1861

NEW GOLD DISCOVERIES ON THE LACHLAN

Attention is chiefly directed at present to the daily reports from the new gold-field at the Lachlan.

The yield of precious metal from some of the holes has been enormous – quite equal to the richest “ finds” at the Victorian diggings-but the extent of the field is still far from certain, and some of the holes which have been bottomed have turned out blanks.

These, then, are no poor man’s diggings. No man has a right to expect success there who has not capital enough for deep sinking, and to meet the contingency of failure in his first operation-perhaps in a second alBO.

3 January 1862

THE LACHLAN GOLDFIELD

We have been favoured with the following extract ,from a letter respecting the Lachlan. It is written by a gentleman of considerable experience on other Australian goldfields:

During my stay here I have taken some trouble to i form, from my own observation, a correct estimate of this gold-field. I have gone down several of the! shafts and thoroughly examined the deposit of gold, ! ,and have seen the gold as it was got, and from my old « -acquaintance with several of the claim holders, I, . think that the richness of the deposit (or lead, as it is ! now proved to be, though of a peculiar kind), can “ scarcely be exaggerated.

It would be but guesswork j to attempt to estimate the ultimate produce of any particular claim, for few claims con be worked out under nine to twelve months, and the nature of the ground makes it necessary to get out the washing stuff as quickly as possible, leaving the washing of -the same until a later period.

Though generally the work is well done enough, I believe that thousands of pounds worth of gold will be buried beyond recovery, when the earth is sufficiently undermined to become dangerous, and a few accidents, such as mest inevitably will occur, shall have frightened others from running the risks so common among gold-diggers.

This lead is, without doubt, the richest yet discovered in New South Wales, and it is only a matter of time to prove how far it may rival the rich finds of; Victoria. After what I have seen, both of the nature of the deposit underground and the quantity of gold got, nothing would surprise me in point of richness.

As an example, Stott and Co.’s claim has yielded for ¡ some weeks 300 ounces per week to a party of four, ‘ ‘ simply by washing the richest ot the stuff, in which the gold could be plainly seen, and which has given as much’ as twenty and forty ounces to two or ihree -quarts of dirt-the great bulk of the washing stuff being stacked in immense heaps, to be washed here- after.

£2000 would be cheap for a one-fourth share’ of several claims I could name, out of which that much per man has already been taken. So regular is the deposit when once upon the lead, that claims dis- tant from a quarter to half a mile from the last golden hole sell readily at from JEoO to £100 a share before a , sod has been turned ; and I have but little doubt but ‘ that” as soon as the holidays are over, some very rich holes will be struck on the south end of the lead.

‘ The frontage system, of which so much is said just now, is good in the main and applicable to this gold- field, in spite of what prejudiced parties may say ; at “ the same time it may indirectly tend to prevent pro- specting tor parallel, or even diverging leads (or , deposits without leads) for some time.

But as no rule can be found without exceptions, I think the frontage system will best tend to develop the resources of this field-at least until the extent of the present lead north and south has been discovered.

I fear you will find these details both tedious and difficult to make out, but knowing your experience on – gold-fields, I thought my remarks might be of some interest, as my information is from observations and not hearsay, as is the case with newspaper correa . jpondents. The escorts must not be taken as a guide, although they will rapidly increase.

9 April 1862

THE LACHLAN AND THE TOWN OF FORBES

To those unaccustomed to goldfields, and the townships that so rapidly spring into existence upon them, this place wOuld appear a marvel.

The great extension of the town during the last two months, the number and class of buildings that have been erected, the numbers still being erected, would lead those unacquainted with gold-fields to believe that gold digging consisted in building largo townships in out-of-the-way places, so eager does every one appear to be to get frontages, and erect shops, stores, hotels, theatres, shooting and bowling saloons, and every other class of buildings; frontages to the mai n street, without any title or claim to the land (it being Crown property), selling at from £2 to £8 per foot-a system of speculation in land, and shares in claims, being carried to on extent that would not be credited except by those who happen to bo on the spot and have an opportunity of seeing it.

Every class here, whether diggers, storekeepers^ or trades- men, are, as it were, affected with a mania for hold- ing shares in the various leads reported daily to have been discovered. The selling of large parcela of gold, the finding of nuggets, the enthusiasm of the parties in the golden claims, all tend to keep the excitement at the highest pitch, and in too many instances carry away the judgment of practical men. No class of tradesmen here are to be engaged except on one con- dition-viz., that they are allowed two hours daily to shepherd their various claims. Hundreds of men are so engaged, and hundreds are receiving 30s. per week to shepherd claims for other parties. O

n my arrival hero last week, and enquiring for different persons, the almost universal answer I got was, that Mr. So and-so was shepherding on the South lead ; another on the North, another on the Caledonian, another on the Canadian, another on the lied Streak.

I called on one party expectingto get a “snack” after my journey, and my friend, who did not happen to be shepherd- ing, apologised for not being able to give me anything to eat-from the fact that his cook was out shepherd- ing-that he could only engage one on the condition that after he put breakfast on tho table he was allowed until twelve o’clock to shepherd. You hear the shepherds at night talk about what they expect to get out of their claims, what they want for a Bhare, what such a claim got or expected to get, how one bought a claim for £50 and would not take £500 for it if offered-ounces of gold seldom being mentioned, poundB* weight alone being thought of. But where has the large amount of gold already forwarded to Sjdney (upwards of 50,000 ounces, to this date) been obtained, many will aBk.

Tho answer is, out of the first ground opened ; for more than nine-tenths of it has been found in the main or first lead discovered, ? and out of the block claims at first opened and now nearly worked out. On the south end, or continua- tion of this main lead, now on the frontage system, gold has been found for a considerable distance ; claim No. 74 having struck gold about ten days since, and reports say equal to any yet discovered. The claims up to No. 100 are now working, and there is no want of confidence in the continuation of the lead ; shares not to be purchased except at extrava- gant prices.

So that, judging from present appear- ances, there is now a greater extent of ground tested, and proved to be equally rich as the first ground, opened and worked upon the block system. So that for months to come thiB ground will yield an amount of cold equal to that already produced upon this field. At the north end *of this main lead, some of the old block claims that were deserted have been again taken up, and payable gold is .being obtained ; but _ at this end the gold is more scattered, and interspersed with quartz. At present they have not succeeded in striking gold on the north frontage claims, although they are still shepherded.

Farther north of the main lead a shaft is now sinking ; it is nearly 200 feet deep, and great hopes are entertained that gold will be struck. But there ie a peculiarity about this field that seems to reverse all previous experience ; for in this deep shaft a water-worn drift is obtained, and ia no instance at present on this field has payable gold been found in this kind of drift ; the wash dirt in the first lead being obtained at a depth of from 110 to 130 feet, and con- sists of red mullock clay, and angular quartz-the gold presenting no appearance of being water-worn.

The old water courses that have been Btruck with the water-worn drift, and at a greater depth than the first lead, at present have not been auriferous. With the exception of Nos. 3, 4,5, and 6, on the South lead, all the shafts now working in the main lead will be enabled to bottom without machinery; but these claims being situated near a lagoon, cannot be bottomed in con- sequence of the water, and steam machinery is about to be erected, and from the richness of the claims on either Bide of them there is but little doubt that when the machinery is erected these claims will equal any yet worked on this field. The Victoria lead is not at present in a very flourishing condition, the difficulties to contend with in the way of water having been very great.

Several claims have been bottomed, and gold obtained, in some instances good size nuggets. At present it cannot strictly be called a lead, although there are numbers who still assert it is. No. 28 claim is 115 feet deep, and No. 47, . prospecting claim, is 112 feet; should either of these claims succeed in striking .’ gold, the shares in this lead, already high, will be double the price in a few hours. I The Caledonian lead, excepting the main lead, is the favourite of the day ; the prospectors on this lead have struck rich ground, but on either side of them shafts have been sunk with but little success, they being shallow compared with the prospecting shaft, which is 130 feet deep. No. 5 on this lead is now 139 feet deep, without bottom, and the claimholders are in great hopes they are on the run of deep ground, and would not sell a share except at a very extravagant price.

I was yesterday speaking with th*em, and they told me they considered every foot they now sank raised the price of a shore £20. The Red Streak lead, running parallel, but some distance from the main lead, Beems to be particularly unfortunate ; the pros- pectors have now been working five months, and, in consequence of the water, have not been enabled to bottom, lliey have lost four shafts after sinking several hundred feet, but with indomitable persever- ance they are sinking the fifth, -which is now nearly 200 feet in depth, and should they be enabled to keen the present shaft a few weeks will test it. This sun posed lead is a great favourite with numbers : o great extent of ground is marked out and being shepherded It is the opinion of many that should gold be struck it will be impossible to work the ground without machinery. The Canadian, Arcadian, and several other leads are at present mere names given to ground marked out. Last week the Canadian was a great favourite_ a little gold, I believe, was obtained-the excitement was very great, and the report, as a matter of course, stated it was a distinct lead.

At present little is thought of any of theBe leads. Every week brings reports of the discovery of shal- low ground, first in one direction, then in another. Up ‘ to the present time no shallow ground has been discovered! in this district. . The prospectors on Strickland’sReef are still getting excellent stone, but at present the other claims have not succeeded in striking the reef. On the Britannia Reef the proprietors ore now in full work ; they are about fifty (50) feet down with a clearly defined reef about sixteen inches in width, the qúortz improving. The stone at present crushed averaged four (4) ounces to the ton-the tailings are supposed still to contain a quantity of gold, for the machine erected is very small and imperfect. It is stated that a larger and improved machine is about to be erected.

From the above it will be seen that at present the gold being obtained on this field Í3 entirely from the main or first lead opened, and that a great amount of work is being done on speculation ; by far the largest proportion of our population being engaged sinking and shepherding. In my previous reports with respect to this field, I have cautioned miners that this ia no poor man’s field, and I again tepeat it, for out of a population of, I should think, 15,000, including all classes, it is only the few that are getting gold. Tho3e that did succeed in getting claims on the main lead, certainly had some of the richest claims ever opened in the colonies.

I know one party who in four months took out £20,000 worth of gold. At present without men are prepared to shepherd six or nine months and toke their chonce, or to buy in a claim getting gold, the Lachlan is no place for them. Sicknees very prevalent lately, and what ia called colonial fever has in ¿nany cases proved fatal.

17 June 1862

THE LACHLAN

We have been favoured with the following extract from a private letter, written to a friend in Sydney, by a gentleman who has just paid a visit to the lachlan diggings.

The writer says: I will not leave this ” Golden City of the West” as I heard a fellow call it yesterday – without giving some account of it, for it is certainly the most wonderful place I ever was in.

A year ago, there was not a single hut here, and, perhaps, the whole population within a radius of fifteen miles, might have numbered twenty souls.

Now there are 20,000 people, and tents and wooden huts, and houses in proportion. The place presents more the appearance of an enormous permanent fair, than anything else I can think of.

You will have seen by the papers that there are not »uch a very large number of bonaßdt working minors, «ome thousands of the laziest getting their living by , ” shepherding ” claims for other parties, and which .lairjQB will never be worked unless gold ia struck near them.

A great number of people obtain a living by build- ing and sawing, and splitting timber in the bush. Of stores, and public houses thereis, of course, any number, and an immense competition is carried on among them, BO that most things can be purchased at pretty reasonable ratee.

Almost every trade has some re- presentatives, and among thoBe that I did not expeot »o »ee were watchmakers, bookssUers, a barber, and a »boeblack !

I am writing in the small reading-room of a circu- lating library, ns being the quietest spot I can find. Of course, in the day there are no places of amuse- ment open, but at night there are several bowling ?aioons, rifle galleries, two theatres, a concert-room, «nd a ball-room.

I have looked Into all these, but the theatre and ball-room were peculiarly character- istic of the place : the former (boxes 2B. 6d., pit Is.) .was crammed, and held about 350 people, every third man was smoking, and between the acts three or four waiters kept up a cry of ”

Give your orders, gents,” and a corresponding Btream (from two bars which opened into the building) of “old toms,” “rums,” ” brandies,” ales,” &c.;

In front of each seat was a little ledge on which each ” gent ” might place his tumbler. The ball-room, however, was the moBt amusing scene. In the absence or scarcity of femi- nines, bearded diggers in rough coatSj and clay «tained trousers, would gravely clasp their “mates,” and execute a polka or a waltz, with very tolerable precision, but in the most solemn manner, while at the termination of each dance the cry would be re-echoed through the room of ” Now, mate, ain’t you going to about ?”

You would not objeot to the board up here. There aro numbers of restaurants, and tolerably kept. I had to-day, for dinner, soup, wild duck, and tart. for the fair chargo of 2s. Gd., all hot and well served ; and considering that washing is Ss. a dozen the table- cloth was of reasonable brightness. The wines I can’t «ay anything about, for I consider it is a duty I owe my constitution never to touch public-house wine in the bush.

I suppose F. has told you that the object of my coming here was to sell a flock of wethers. Well, I am happy to say, that after a sharp bit of bargaining, I managed to get 15s. a-head for them-than which there has been no higher price given hero as yet.

4 JUne 1862

THE LACHLAN.

A CORRESPONDENT, who has just returned from a visit of inspection to the Lachlan, writes thus,

There is no doubt about the Lachlan being the richest gold-field in New South Wales, and that most fabulous fortunes have been realised in a few days by some of the more fortunate miners.

The bulk of the gold has been got from the claims on what they call the South lead, which now number seventy-eight, all of which are down on the lead, and yielding splendid returns, varying from four to fifteen ounces to the load of earth.

Most of the miners are now what they call ” pad docking ” the washing stuff, and have been for some time, which will account for the smallness of the escort returns.

Their object is to work out all the washing stuff while the dry weather continues, as they have less water to get out of the shafts now ; beside which they require a great supply of water for wash- ing purposes, which, at present, is far from plentiful,

I saw many padddocks of washing stuff, holding from 400 to 600 loads, which will average from five to seven ounces to the load, so you can judge of the richness of these claims.

The following are a few of the figures which I ob- tained from a person I know well, and who gave them as facts, which came within his own knowledge. Nos. 17 and l8, on the South lead, have 700 loads, and after washing out several to ascertain their value, realised eight ounces to the load.

Another claim, known as Robert Collingwood’s, on the north block, has 400 loads, which will average fourteen ounces to the load. On Scott’s claim, after washing up, they divided £4500 per man.

The person from whom I derived this information was agent for two of the party, and remitted the money home. No. 14, on the South lead, washed 1250 ounces out of sixty loads. Another — what they call the Block Claim, next to the lagoon— in only cutting out, washed several buckets which gave thirty ounces to the bucket.

I telegraphed to you about their striking the gold again on the Caledonian lead, which is looked upon as a sure indication of that being also very rich,

There was likewise a report of gold having been struck on the Red Streak, which, if confirmed, will set them all mad, or next door to it. There are other two leads, viz., the Arcadian and Victoria, which are not yet bottomed, but the miners employed upon them seemed full of confidence as to the result.

Of course the traders are not so sure, and may feel somewhat anxious, as they have, no doubt, a great interest at stake in the shape of advances, &c.;

To look at the town of Forbes now, with its busy appearance, more like George-street in your good city, than anything else, in the moving masses, it is difficult to realise that cattle were quietly depasturing there six months ago.

The town is well laid out; capital streets in fine weather ; very wide, and evi- dently laid off in anticipation of being an important city, at some future day. Water is very scarce, 4s. a cask being the general price, which is a great drawback to the place, and it will be a serious matter in the summer time.

In the main street, which is called after the original prospector of the station, ” Rankin, street,” are some capital shops and stores, all-built with wood, and chiefly covered with canvas and bark. Many of them have a very business- like appearance, and would not disgrace the principal. street in Sydney. Several of the leading men are from the Melbourne side, and impart a spirit of go-ahead-ism quite novel in the history of gold digging in New South Wales.

The population is estimated at from 20,000 to 25,000, and is gradually increasing, especially from the Victoria side, who, after all, are the best men to thoroughly test the value of the country, of which at present we know comparatively nothing.

They are now prospecting, more or less, all the way between here and the Lachlan, so that there is no knowing how soon they may strike other rich ground. I saw very little poverty on the Lachlan, as the present system of shepherding gives food and em- ployment to many ; but when this ceases, I should fear, with that and the cold weather— fever, and the probable scarcity of food in the winter — to hear ter- rible tales ef distress and wretchedness.

Already fever and drink have made many victims, and it is hard to say which has done the most work. To many their very success has been their ruin, body and soul. I heard of one party in which were two men, who on dis- covering the value of their claim, took to drink, and within one week both fell its victims.

There are already three undertakers here, and they seem to find employment.

On Sunday night, I attended service at a large building just finished, and heard a very excellent ser- mon from the Rev. Mr. Brownriags, who took for his text, ” In all thy ways acknowledge Him, and He will direct thy paths.” A most suitable text and equally suitable sermon for such a congregation, composed as it was of about 250 diggers, and about eight or ten females. They sang famously, and with great taste, and listened with intense interest throughout the ser- vice, repeating the responses, although very few had prayer-books.

It was a pleasing sight to see such a muster of men with their rough exteriors gathered together, not from curiosity, but the majority of them evidently from a desire to recognise their sense of duty ; to worship the great Head of the Church ; and to hear what God the Lord would proclaim unto them. I believe if the place had been twice the size it would have been filled.

I mention this as a pleasing incident in contrast with the drunkenness and drinking which was going on throughout the streets. Every public house was open, and more or less crowded with men drinking, and the usual accompaniments of drink following — rowdyism, fighting, &c;, &c.;

This seems to be a prevailing curse, and the more prosperous the miners, the more prominent these evils predominate. There are four banks, and all appear to be driving a thriving trade. B

uying gold and issuing notes and drafts form their chief business, and the diggers ap- preciate the accommodation the banks afford them, by giving full prices and storing their gold. On Tuesday, the Oriental held upwards of 6000 ounces, and on Monday, before noon, the Commercial pur- chased upwards of 600 ounces. The diggers, as a rule, don’t sell their gold as they get it, but store it until all is worked out, and then they sell and divide. I should think nearly half the miners and traders are from Victoria, and from the arrivals during Mon- day and Tuesday certainly more than that proportion were from the sister colony. On Monday morning, six of their large waggons came from Melbourne loaded with goods and pas- sengers.

21 January 1863

THE WESTERN GOLD-FIELDS.

The news from the Lachlan is of an encouraging character. Within the last month there has been a marked improvement in the prospects of the Lower South Load, several fresh claims having bottomed on payable gold be- tween the last golden holo previously bottomed on the upper portion of the lead, and the Young Australian olaim on the bank of the river.

The Britannia Reef gets noherasit reaches a greater depth , another promising quarU lode» has been opened at the head of the North Load , and some of the claims on the Victorian Lead (both north and south of the well-known claim of Baker and party) have at last struck good dirt.

These, taken together, aro promising in- dications of an approaching reaction, and a change from the general dulness that has BO long prevailed.

The North Lead is now nearly worked out, there not being more than holf-a dozen claims doing anything. Some of those are, however, paying extremely well, since one of the Cornish parties at work on the lead frequently wash from 20 to ¿0 ounces to the machine, and that they have divided aß much as £125 per maa per week , on tho Caledonian Lead, the Upper Prospecting Claim (south) is worked out, and the party will finish washing-ap this week. One of tho shareholders informed us that the quantity of waehdirt produced on tho claim was about 1500 loads, which would average about 14 ounce to the load-or 2¿50 ounces of gold, of the value of nearly £10,000.

We can scarcely rank this among the richest claims on the Lachlan, but £1200 or £1300 per man, in a party of eight, is not bad remuneration tor a few months’ labour Rankea’s claim (11-12-13) continues to look splendidly.

The gutter in this claim is about ¿5 feet wide, and the washdirt from 8 to 10 feet high. So far aß the lead has been tested, this is indis- putably the premier claim on it, and this might be expected irom the fact that it is situated at the point oi junction of the Union and South Caledonia. About 60 loads of dirt are raised per week, which produce from 150 to 200 ounces of gold

The claim has now been worked five months, and it is expected that it will take ten months more to work it out.

Taking the average yield of the claim at the lower figure, viz, 150 ounces pur wooli, this for 60 weeks, would amount to 9000, or about £¿6,000 worth of the preciouB metal. Should these figures prove correct this claim will be the liehest yet opened on theso diggings.

The claims that are down on the Union Lead North, up to No. 25, are getting from 1 oz, to 1£ o¿ goid to tho load of dirt, and on the faouth the one claim down got about 1 oz. per load for GO loads of stuff washed. The claims on the Victoria Lead are also improving. At the same time the news from the reefs IB very satisfactory.

The Britannia appears to improve as it gets deeper, a crushing of 30 tons taken lrom a depth of nearly 90 feet, m the prospecting claim last week, having roturned lu2 ozs , or 3 ozs. 7 dwts, to the ton At the Fountain Head, a lot of 9 tons of loose stone, crushed at Bell’s machine, produced considerably less than 1 oz to the ton. The previous 1} ton yielded 5 eza. 3 dwts From the Billibong Reefs, a few samples have been crushed at Bell’s machine, with the following result 2 tons from the Homeward Bound gave 4 ozs. 81 dwts., and a similar quantity from tho Pioneer, ii ozs

30 March 1863

MEMOIRS FROM THE LACHLAN

There is no appearance of efforts being made on the part of any one jo secure the development of the resources of alluvial gold on the Lachlan. No discoveries have been made of any consequence for tix’cen months, and but few efforts in .that direction have been attempted.

Thousanels upon thousanels of diggers have visited the place anil left it, without making any sign. The fact that pay- able gold has .been traced in a line from north to south, for about two miles, and in some places on this lead the ground was as rich as any ever discovered m any country, would naturally suggest the existence of other and equally rich lends in the vicinity, and .^so lead to efforts being made to discover them.

But this is different from any other gold-field, inasmuch us the ground is all deep here, and prospecting is, con- sequently, expensive, and beyond the means of private parties of diggers who are searching for gold, and, therefore, re quiroe some new and efficient method 13 ascertain the locality, and open up the new leads, if asy exist.

It is the opinion of many that, if a comprehen- sive scheme of prof pecting this gold-field could be de vsetl and pie-ented to the public, a large amount of cnpital would be forhcoming to support it.

As yet, however, nothing of the kind is announced, nor ia there anything in the local or general laws regulating the gold fields to induce patties to encoun’er the risks of piosptctingwhtretheexpensesattendingitare so great.

Thcie is no doubt about tbe necessity of t»sginis!ng a company for the purpose of proving the Lachlan to be n rich gold»fiel(l, and there ia no doubt about ttíe willingness of numerous individuáis giving encou- rage mem and support to any well el gestcd vnd feasible scheme toat may bj presented , but the plan Betms not to bo forthcoming

In boring tor the South lend last July, it WAS lopoittil that gold was found east of the Britannia Reef, and the gie und was taken up »s a new lcotl, and since then the bouth le-iel has been ti seed further to the cast, pist this ground A paity, including the late Mr. Harper, mere-bant, oibydnej, applied m August for a prospecting claim, and their application was registered, and the tlaimants have been awarded a prosnec-tint, claim Many persons entertain svnguine expectnt ons as to the results of tin works nlicady commenced bv this pur’)

M iiii Ai i lins -lho nell ground ol the Lachlan gold lu Id, that which gave it BO peerless a reputation haB nil been worked lheie aro, however, nearly ono hundied claims on the South lend which is an exton Men of the nth ran onr/innlly discovered that bid lur to Tiav moderate wage», and onasionnlly the eli nnholdiu tome on i nell natch, where they get ninny pennyweights to ihe dish Hie local papers generally chronicle these remarkable patches lint BO tur n« I um able to nidge, the c1 min s, ai they extend south, bcromo It’s payable On the south side of the. inn the claims are valuóles», although somo few parties still continue to work in that direction Hie patches of nell ground siiseovtrcd over the reef on the nrrtli end ot tl.e main lead, and which hive bsen c1 listened the Unun, Caledonian, and Vittoria lends, and about wl ich so much fuss has been midr and lawsuits engendered, art nearly hmihed No ntw discovencB ol any import ince ure bting made, so that m the neighbourhood ol the township things wein anything but a cheerful aspect On tVt other hanil tho t gtmlemcn whose names vine issotintiel with the eWoverv ol this gold field lOptthcr with many ol the leadme, busitiiismen ol the 11 ice, stem to be turning their energy md carmal into quail/ mining operations Whdt quart/ni nmg is eonnderid the most precarious of ali), the appear ince ot the reels at the Billibong a “distance of about twentv five miles horn Torhcs, lus induct 1 viiy lil tral investments ot cnpitnl bcveivl ci ti» lung machines, nnd works nccessny to woik them, are aire iel) being erected, mel quita n number of men mt engaged m îvisiig stone Machinen is nlso expected in the ionise of a few weeks al Strickland s Reef, aud men ire already at work upcii the ground prepar nn for i s being pn up nnd in o eration at once upon its arrival lhere is a very lnire quantity of slone already on the Buri ice at this place, mil the yield is expected to be very good. All the i lilacs in this neighbourhood abound in ([iiHit/, mdit isnot impiobable but quvr / nuning will uluma ely became a very important and lucrative binnen of business here